Resources

The report prepared by the Oakland, Calif. Peak Oil Task Force, to be presented to the Oakland City Council Public Works Committee on 26 Feb 2008. The report is, as titled, an action plan that advises a course of action to transform the City of Oakland into a much less oil-dependent city.
The Oil Independent Oakland Task Force Action Plan is available in pdf format from their website; the Executive summary is reproduced below. Also on their site is the Legislative analyst's memorandum, which summarizes the Action Plan.
Executive Summary
The Oil Independent Oakland by 2020 Task Force (OIO) is presenting a series of recommendations to enable the City of Oakland to reduce its dependence on oil and become one of the world’s leading cities in sustainable development. The focus of the OIO was on oil reduction not on greenhouse gas emissions, although the two are closely aligned and reducing oil use will decrease greenhouse gas emissions.
A key factor in this report is the concept of "Peak Oil," defined as the time when the global rate of extraction of petroleum will reach a maximum and begin to decline. The Task Force did not debate when this peak would occur and accepted the opinion of many experts that it will occur within a few years time—if it has not already occurred. As oil supplies begin to decline, there will be an estimated shortfall of approximately 2.6% or more per year worldwide. Although 2.6% may not sound like a lot, in ten years the cumulative shortfall would be 29%. In twenty years the shortfall would be 67%. This could be devastating for a world accustomed to continued expansion in available energy supplies. The shortfall could be even higher as economies expand, population grows, and affluence spreads. Countries such as the U.S. that import most of their oil supplies may also be more severely impacted.
To avoid major disruptions anticipated by Peak Oil, the OIO recommends that the City of Oakland begin making a series of changes to reduce its dependence on oil in both the near term and long term. Many of the changes the Task Force recommends will take many years to implement but will have significant long term benefits that will help the City to avert potentially catastrophic economic, infrastructure and social repercussions. Given the long lead times required to change such things as transportation and infrastructure, it is imperative that many of the actions begin immediately.
The primary focus of the OIO recommendations is on the transportation sector. That is where 97% of oil is used in Oakland. The OIO did not focus on natural gas or on electricity since none of the electricity supplied to Oakland is generated from oil.
The Task Force recommends first and foremost that the City formally adopt the Oil Depletion Protocol. This is the approach set forth by author Richard Heinberg in his book by the same title which outlines a plan to avert disaster by having all nations commit to reducing oil usage by approximately 3% per year. The OIO recommends that the City of Oakland adopt this protocol locally and to take immediate steps to implement it. While San Francisco has already endorsed the Protocol, Oakland would be the first government at any level in the world to adopt and implement the Protocol.
Quite simply, if Oakland is to reduce its dependence on oil, its residents must DRIVE LESS. This is the title of Chapter 1 and includes the two most important recommendations of the Task Force. They are:
- Begin the process of gradually redesigning the city so that residents can reduce their automobile dependence. This can be done by creating vibrant neighborhoods where jobs, housing and a full range of services are available within short distances.
- Advance transportation alternatives so that when residents do need to travel, they have options other than driving private automobiles.
Details regarding how to accomplish this are included in the report.
The Task Force encourages the City to take a leadership role in a number of regional and statewide initiatives that will assist in the transition to an Oil Independent Oakland. Additional recommendations are included that cover oil used in Food and Materials, as well as the Port of Oakland.
In order to implement these recommendations, the OIO also strongly recommends that the City do the following:
- Establish an Oil and Energy Team to coordinate the actions outlined in this report.
- Explore financing mechanisms to help pay for infrastructure changes such as applying for federal and state grants, assessing developer impact fees, researching the feasibility of regional congestion charges or carbon/gas taxes, and selling local carbon offsets.
- Develop a contingency plan to address future oil price and supply shocks on Oakland residents. These may be short term due to regional supply disruptions or long term due to factors mentioned above.
- Begin a Public Education and Outreach campaign to educate Oakland residents about this issue and to encourage them to adopt the Oil Depletion Protocol as individuals. A section of the report is devoted to showing how an individual can reduce their oil consumption by 3% each year.
- Set up a process whereby there is consistent/regular collaboration and outreach with regional transportation agencies such as MTC, BART, AC Transit, CALTRANS and neighboring cities to expand public transit.

